Prologue.- Review: Object-Oriented Features.- 1 Object Orientation.- 2 Class-Based Languages.- 3 Advanced Class-Based Features.- 4 Object-Based Languages.- 5 Modeling Object-Oriented Languages.- I: Untyped and First-Order Calculi.- 6 Untyped Calculi.- 7 First-Order Calculi.- 8 Subtyping.- 9 Recursion.- 10 Untyped Imperative Calculi.- 11 First-Order Imperative Calculi.- 12 A First-Order Language.- II: Second-Order Calculi.- 13 Second-Order Calculi.- 14 A Semantics.- 15 Definable Covariant Self Types.- 16 Primitive Covariant Self Types.- 17 Imperative Calculi with Self Types.- 18 Interpretations of Object Calculi.- 19 A Second-Order Language.- III: Higher-Order Calculi.- 20 A Higher-Order Calculus.- 21 A Language with Matching.- Epilogue.- APPENDIX: Rules and Proofs.- A Fragments.- A.1 Simple-Objects Fragments.- A.2 Other Typing Fragments.- A.3 Other Equational Fragments.- B Systems.- C Proofs.- C.1 Proof of the Variance Lemma from Section 13.3.- C.2 Proof of the Variance Lemma from Section 16.4.- C.3 Deriving the Rules for ?-Objects from Section 15.1.2.- C.4 Denotational Soundness of Equational Rules.- List of Figures.- List of Tables.- List of Notations.- List of Languages.

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