This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference on Theory and Applications of Models of Computation, TAMC 2020, held in Changsha, China, in October 2020.The 37 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 83 submissions.

Semilattices of punctual numberings.- Partial Sums on the Ultra-Wide Word RAM.- Securely Computing the $n$-Variable Equality Function with $2n$ Cards 24.- Polynomial Kernels for Paw-free Edge Modi cation Problems.- Floorplans with Walls.- A Primal-Dual Randomized Algorithm for the Online Weighted Set Multi-Cover Problem.- Sumcheck-Based Delegation of Quantum Computing to Rational Server.- Online Removable Knapsack Problems for Integer-Sized Items.- An Improved Approximation Algorithm for the Prize-Collecting Red-Blue Median Problem.- LP-based Algorithms for Computing Maximum Vertex-Disjoint Paths with Different Colors.- A Constant Factor Approximation for Lower-Bounded $k$-Median.- Reverse Mathematics, Projective Modules and Invertible Modules.- Two-Stage Submodular Maximization Problem Beyond Non-Negative and Monotone.- Optimal Matroid Bases with Intersection Constraints: Valuated Matroids, M-convex Functions, and Their Applications.- On the complexity of acyclic modules in automata networks.-Eternal Connected Vertex Cover Problem.- Parametric Streaming Two-Stage Submodular Maximization.- Approximation Guarantees for Deterministic Maximization of Submodular Function with a Matroid Constraint.- A Novel Initialization Algorithm for Fuzzy C-means Problems.- On the Parameterized Complexity of $d$-Restricted Boolean Net Synthesis.- Approximate #Knapsack Computations to Count Semi-Fair Allocations.- Characterizations and approximability of hard counting classes below #P.- On Existence of Equilibrium Under Social Coalition Structures.- Space Complexity of Streaming Algorithms on Universal Quantum Computers.- On Coresets for Support Vector Machines.- Tractabilities for Tree Assembly Problems.- On Characterization of Petrie Partitionable Plane Graphs.- Disjunctive Propositional Logic and Scott Domains.- Dispersing and Grouping Points on Segments in the Plane.- Synchronizing Words and Monoid Factorization: A Parameterized Perspective.- Hidden Community Detection on Two-layerStochastic Models: a Theoretical Perspective.- A Primal-Dual Algorithm for Euclidean $k$-Means problem with Penalties.- The Complexity of the Partition Coloring Problem.- FPT Algorithms for Generalized Feedback Vertex Set Problems.- Fixed-order Book Thickness with Respect to Vertex-cover Number: New Observations and Further Analysis.- Acyclic edge coloring conjecture is true on planar graphs without intersecting triangles.- On Pure Space vs Catalytic Space.