This book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th Mexican Conference on Pattern Recognition, MCPR 2020, which was due to be held in Morelia, Mexico, in June 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 31 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 67 submissions. They were organized in the following topical sections: pattern recognition techniques;  image processing and analysis; computer vision; industrial and medical applications of pattern recognition; natural language processing and recognition; artificial intelligence techniques and recognition.