Preface xv 1 Advancement in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques for Ischemic Stroke 1Mukul Jain, Divya Patil, Shubham Gupta and Shubham Mahajan 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Diagnostic Tools of Ischemic Stroke 4 1.3 Artificial Intelligence–Based Diagnostic Tools 7 1.4 Blood-Based Protein Biomarker for Stroke 8 1.5 Markers for Endothelial Damage 8 1.6 Markers of Brain Injury 9 1.7 Therapeutic Advances in Ischemic Stroke 9 1.8 Nanoparticles 11 1.9 Conclusion 13 2 Object Detection and Tracking Face Detection and Recognition 25Varsha K. Patil, Pawan Nawade, Rudra Nagarkar and Paresh Kadale 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 Motivation 30 2.3 The Basics of Computer Vision 31 2.4 Face Detection 34 2.5 Facial Expression 38 2.6 Object Detection 41 2.7 Face Detection and Identification in Practical Situations 44 2.8 Future Direction in Object Detection and Tracking 47 2.9 Conclusion 52 3 Printing Organs with 3D Technology 55Shaik Aminabee 3.1 Introduction 55 3.2 Bioprinting in Three Dimensions (3D) 56 3.3 3D Printing Types 57 3.4 Applications for 3D Printing in Cells 60 3.5 New Developments 65 3.6 Progress in India 66 3.7 Limitation 67 3.8 A Future Point of View 67 3.9 Conclusion 68 4 Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for Bank Fraud Detection 71Kiran Jot Singh, Divneet Singh Kapoor, Kunal Ranjan Singh, Chirag Kalucha, Gatik Alagh, Khushal Thakur and Anshul Sharma 4.1 Introduction 71 4.2 Proposed Framework 73 4.3 Results 74 4.4 Concluding Remarks and Future Scope 77 5 An Overview of Computational-Based Strategies for Drug Repositioning 81Shalu Verma, Nidhi Nainwal, Alka Singh, Gauree Kukreti and Kiran Dobhal 5.1 Introduction 81 5.2 Drug Repositioning 82 5.3 Challenges and Opportunities for Drug Repurposing 93 5.4 Conclusion 94 6 Improving Performance With Feature Selection, Extraction, and Learning 99Varsha K. Patil, Vrinda Shinde, Ritika Singh and Vipul Singh 6.1 Introduction 99 6.2 Feature Selection 100 6.3 Feature Extraction 110 6.4 Feature Learning 115 6.5 Future Research and Development 123 6.6 Future Scope 124 6.7 Conclusion 125 7 Fusion of Phase and Local Features for CBIR 129Pooja Sharma 7.1 Introduction 129 7.2 Overview of the Proposed System 132 7.3 Proposed Hybrid-Shape Descriptors 132 7.4 Similarity Measurement 137 7.5 Experimental Study and Performance Evaluation 139 7.6 Conclusions 147 8 Trading Bot for Cryptocurrency Market Based on Smart Price Action Strategies 151Divneet Singh Kapoor, Kiran Jot Singh, Anshoom Jain, Rhythm Chauhan, Khushal Thakur and Anshul Sharma 8.1 Introduction 151 8.2 Background 154 8.3 Proposed Framework 156 8.4 Results 158 8.5 Conclusion and Future Scope 161 9 Comparative Evaluation and Prediction of Exoplanets Using Machine Learning Methods 163Divneet Singh Kapoor, Kiran Jot Singh, Ashirvad Singh, Benarji Mulakala, Karan Singh, Prashant, Ramanjeet Singh and Shubham Mahajan 9.1 Introduction 164 9.2 Background 167 9.3 Proposed Framework 169 9.4 Results 171 9.5 Conclusion and Future Scope 182 10 The Risk of Using Failure Rate With the Help of MTTF and MTBF to Calculate Reliability 185Harpreet Kaur and Shiv Kumar Sharma 10.1 Introduction 185 10.2 Failure 186 10.3 Conclusion 191 11 A Detailed Description on Various Techniques of Edge Detection Algorithms 193Pritha A. and G. Fathima 11.1 Introduction 193 11.2 Edge Detection Techniques 194 11.3 Experimental Results 203 11.4 Comparative Results 203 11.5 Conclusion 203 11.6 Future Work 204 12 Advancement of ML in Smart House 207Gokula Udhayan V., K. Mahaeshwari and N. Vinoth Kumar 12.1 Objective 207 12.2 Introduction 207 12.3 Smart House System With IoT 208 12.4 Future Scope 223 12.5 Conclusion 223 13 Multi-Robot Navigation: A Biologically Inspired Framework 225Imran Mir and Faiza Gul 13.1 Introduction 225 13.2 Optimization Algorithms 226 13.3 Algorithms and Self-Organization 236 13.4 Future Research Directions 238 13.5 Conclusion 239 14 Bidirectional LSTM for Heart Arrhythmia Detection 243Nikhil M. Agrawal, H. D. Bhanu Cheitanya, Abhishek Kumar Rai and Shubham Mahajan 14.1 Introduction 243 14.2 About the Dataset 245 14.3 Flow of the Model 246 14.4 Results 248 14.5 Conclusion 248 15 Study on Content-Based Image Retrieval 253Thanga Subha Devi M., R. Suji Pramila and Tibbie Pon Symon 15.1 Introduction 254 15.2 Related Works 256 15.3 Extraction of Features 261 15.4 User Interactions for CBIR System 266 15.5 Conclusions 269 16 Machine Learning and Angiogenesis in Cancer 273Dharambir Kashyap, Riya Sharma, Neelam Goel and Vivek Kumar Garg 16.1 Introduction 273 16.2 History of Angiogenesis Discovery 274 16.3 Overview of Angiogenesis 274 16.4 Angiogenesis in Carcinogenesis 275 16.5 Molecular Mechanisms of Angiogenesis Formation 276 16.6 Angiogenesis as a Target in Cancer Therapy 276 16.7 Machine Learning Approaches in Angiogenesis 277 16.8 Conclusion 278 17 Handwritten Image Enhancement Based on Neutroscopic-Fuzzy and K-Mean Clustering 283Jaspreet Kaur, Divya Gupta, Simarjeet Kaur and Amrinder Singh 17.1 Introduction 284 17.2 Application of Image Processing 286 17.3 Enhancement of Handwritten Document 287 17.4 Clustering Techniques 288 17.5 Performance Parameters 290 17.6 Results and Discussion 293 17.7 Conclusion 295 18 A Texture Classification System Based on an Adaptive Histogram Equalized Shearlet Transform 299K. Gopalakrishnan, V. Karthikeyan and P.T. Vanathi 18.1 Introduction 299 18.2 Literature Survey 303 18.3 Materials and Methods 305 18.4 Proposed Methodology 309 18.5 Result and Discussion 311 18.6 Conclusion 320 19 A Thyroid Nodule Detection Using L1-Norm Inception Deep Neural Network 323Saranya G. 19.1 Introduction 323 19.2 Related Work 324 19.3 Methodology 325 19.4 Results and Discussion 329 19.5 Conclusion 336 References 337 Index 339

A comprehensive book providing high-quality research addressing challenges in theoretical and application aspects of soft computing and machine learning in image processing and computer vision. Researchers are working to create new algorithms that combine the methods provided by CI approaches to solve the problems of image processing and computer vision such as image size, noise, illumination, and security. The 19 chapters in this book examine computational intelligence (CI) approaches as alternative solutions for automatic computer vision and image processing systems in a wide range of applications, using machine learning and soft computing. Applications highlighted in the book include: diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for ischemic stroke, object detection, tracking face detection and recognition;computational-based strategies for drug repositioning and improving performance with feature selection, extraction, and learning;methods capable of retrieving photometric and geometric transformed images;concepts of trading the cryptocurrency market based on smart price action strategies; comparative evaluation and prediction of exoplanets using machine learning methods; the risk of using failure rate with the help of MTTF and MTBF to calculate reliability; a detailed description of various techniques using edge detection algorithms;machine learning in smart houses; the strengths and limitations of swarm intelligence and computation; how to use bidirectional LSTM for heart arrhythmia detection;a comprehensive study of content-based image-retrieval techniques for feature extraction;machine learning approaches to understanding angiogenesis;handwritten image enhancement based on neutroscopic-fuzzy. Audience The book has been designed for researchers, engineers, graduate, and post-graduate students wanting to learn more about the theoretical and application aspects of soft computing and machine learning in image processing and computer vision.