This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence, AI*IA 2017, held in Bari, Italy, in November 2017.The 37 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on applications of AI; natural language processing; knowledge representation and reasoning; knowledge engineering, ontologies and the semantic web; machinelearning; philosophical foundations, metacognitive modeling and ethics; and planning and scheduling.