The book critically questions the assumption that making science more open and public could solve various issues around scientific credibility, trust, and legitimacy. Chapters in this book explore the risks and benefits of this perspective with relation to transparency, responsibility, experts and faith.

Introduction1 Transparency - Benjamin Worthy2 Open access: the beast that no-one could – or should – control? - Stephen Curry3 Assuaging fears of monstrousness: UK and Swiss initiatives to open up animal laboratory research - Carmen M. McLeod4 What counts as evidence in adjudicating asylum claims? Locating the monsters in the machine: an investigation of faith-based claims - Roda Madziva and Vivien Lowndes5 Responsibility - Barbara Prainsack and Sabina Leonelli6 Leviathan and the hybrid network: Future Earth, co-production and the experimental life of a global institution - Eleanor Hadley Kershaw7 ‘Opening up’ energy transitions research for development - Alison Mohr8 The monstrous regiment versus Monsters Inc.: competing imaginaries of science and social order in responsible (research and) innovation - Stevienna de Saille and Paul Martin9 Expertise - Mark B. Brown10 Disentangling risk assessment: new roles for experts and publics - Sarah Hartley and Adam Kokotovich11 Monstrous materialities: ash dieback and plant biosecurity in Britain - Judith Tsouvalis12 An Inconvenient Truth: a social representation of scientific expertise - Warren Pearce and Brigitte Nerlich13 Science matters and the public interest: the role of minority engagement - Sujatha Raman, Pru Hobson-West, Mimi E. Lam and Kate Millar14 Faith - Chris Toumey15 Re-examining ‘creationist’ monsters in the uncharted waters of social studies of science and religion - Fern Elsdon-Baker16 Playing God: religious influences on the depictions of science in mainstream movies - David A. Kirby and Amy C. Chambers17 Afterword: monstrous markets: neo-liberalism, populism and the demise of the public university - John Holmwood and Jan Balon18 Epilogue: publics, hybrids, transparency, monsters and the changing landscape around science - Stephen TurnerIndex

At present, openness in science is more important than ever. This study sheds light on hidden or ignored aspects of openness as a core policy agenda. While the opening up of science to public scrutiny and public deliberation is good in principle, various complications arise from such exposure. Does the policy of openness need to be discussed more directly, and is it wrong to assume that openness can improve science’s reputation in the public sphere? Developed as a solution to perceived crises in science–society relations, openness and transparency initiatives might hide ‘monsters’ that need to be made visible and critically examined. This book does exactly that by dealing with four key themes: the transparency of science in the public sphere; responsibility in contemporary research practice and governance; experts of policy-making, risk assessment and the regulation of science; and tensions of faith and misunderstanding between science and religion. Each section of the book contains an opening essay by experts on a particular theme including contributions from Mark Brown, Benjamin Worthy, Barbara Prainsack, Sabina Leonelli and Chris Toumey. The book closes with an epilogue by Stephen Turner and an essay by John Holmwood. This book should be of interest to academics and members of the public who want to know more about the challenges and opportunities of 'making science public', the theme of the Leverhulme Trust-funded research programme on which this book is based.