The work addresses the following questions in the context of interglacial climate dynamics: (i) What are the amplitudes of natural climate variations on timescales of several years to millennia?

DFG Priority Research Program „Integrated analysis of interglacial climate dynamics” (INTERDYNAMIC).- Comparison of Climate and Carbon Cycle Dynamics during Late Quaternary Interglacials.- Global Synthesis of Sea-Surface Temperature Trends During Marine Isotope Stage 11.- Climate Sensitivity During and Between Interglacials.- What Ends an Interglacial? Feedbacks Between Tropical Rainfall, Atlantic Climate and Ice Sheets During the Last Interglacial.- Evaluation of Eemian and Holocene Climate Trends: Combining Marine Archives with Climate Modelling.- Holocene Environmental Variability in the Arctic Gateway.- Detecting Holocene Changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Integration of Proxy Data and Climate Simulations.- Phase-shift Between Surface Ocean Warming, Evaporation and Changes of Continental Ice Volume During Termination I Observed at Tropical Ocean Sediment Cores.- Loop Current Variability – its Relation to Meridional Overturning Circulation and the Impact of Mississippi Discharge.- Hydroclimatic Variability in the Panama Bight Region During Termination 1 and the Holocene.- Control of Seasonality and Interannual to Centennial Climate Variability in the Caribbean During the Holocene – Combining Coral Records, Stalagmite Records and Climate Models.- The Southern Westerlies During the Holocene: Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Chilean Lake, Fjord, and Ocean Margin Sediments Combined with Climate Modeling.- Mineral Dust Variability in Antarctic Ice for Different Climate Conditions.- Model-data Synthesis of Monsoon Amplitudes for the Holocene and Eemian.- Vegetation, Climate, Man - Holocene Variability in Monsoonal Central Asia.- Global Land Use and Technological Evolution Simulations to Quantify Interactions Between Climate and Pre-industrial Cultures.- North-west African Hydrologic Changes in the Holocene: a Combined Isotopic Data and Model Approach.- Holocene Climate Dynamics, Biogeochemical Cycles and EcosystemVariability in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.- Environmental and Climate Dynamics During the last two Glacial Terminations and Interglacials in the Black Sea/Northern Anatolian Region.- Seasonal Reconstruction of Summer Precipitation Variability and Dating of Flood Events for the Millennium Between 3250 to 2250 Years BC for the Main Region, Southern Germany.- Precipitation in the Past Millennium in Europe – Extension to Roman Times