VOLUME 1 On the Study of Causes - L.A. Quetelet Quetelet on Probabilities - John F.W. Herschel Causation - John Venn Mariage - Jacques Bertillon The Scientific Law - Karl Pearson Cause and Effect-Probability - Karl Pearson Contingency and Correlation-the Insufficiency of Causation - Karl Pearson On the Correlation of Total Pauperism with Proportion of Out-Relief - G. Udny Yule An Investigation into the Causes in Pauperism in England, Chiefly During the Last Two Intercensal Decades - G. Udny Yule Partial Association - G. Udny Yule VOLUME 2 The Generalizing Theories: Adequate cause - H.L.A. Hart and Tony Honoré Concerning Cause and the Law of Torts - Guido Calabresi Causation in Tort Law - Richard W. Wright Causal Ordering and Identifiability - Herbert A. Simon Spurious Correlation: A causal interpretation - Herbert A. Simon Correlation and Causality: The multivariate case - H.M. Blalock, Jr. The Introduction of Additional Variables and the Problem of Spuriousness - Herbert Hyman The Introduction of Additional Variables and the Elaboration of Analysis - Herbert Hyman The Environment and Disease: Association or causation? - Austin Bradford Hill Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-spectral Models - C.W.J. Granger Spurious Regressions in Econometrics - C.W.J. Granger and P. Newbold Testing for Causality: A personal viewpoint - C.W.J. Granger Statistics and Causal Inference - Paul W. Holland Statistics and Causal Inference: Comment: Which ifs have causal answers? - Donald B. Rubin Statistics and Causal Inference: Comment - D.R. Cox Statistics and Causal Inference: Comment: Statistics and metaphysics - Clark Glymour Statistics and Causal Inference: Comment - Clive Granger Statistics and Causal Inference: Rejoinder - Paul W. Holland Causal Inference, Path Analysis, and Recursive Structural Equations Models - Paul W. Holland Dangers of Cigarette Smoking - Ronald A. Fisher Cigarettes, Cancer, and Statistics - Ronald A. Fisher The Nature of Probability - Ronald A. Fisher Lung Cancer and Cigarettes - Ronald A. Fisher Cancer and Smoking - Ronald A. Fisher Inhaling - Ronald A. Fisher Review - C.C. Spicer Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error - James J. Heckman Choosing Among Alternative Nonexperimental Methods for Estimating the Impact of Social Programs: The case of manpower training - James J. Heckman and Joseph V. Hotz Choosing Among Alternative Nonexperimental Methods for Estimating the Impact of Social Programs: The case of manpower training: Comment - Paul W. Holland Choosing Among Alternative Nonexperimental Methods for Estimating the Impact of Social Programs: The case of manpower training: Comment - Robert Moffitt Choosing Among Alternative Nonexperimental Methods for Estimating the Impact of Social Programs: The case of manpower training: Rejoinder - James J. Heckman and Joseph V. Hotz VOLUME 3 Graphs, Causality, and Structural Equation Models - Judea Pearl Confounding and Collapsibility in Causal Inference - Sander Greenland, Judea Pearl and James M. Robins Causal Diagrams for Empirical Research - Judea Pearl Graphical Models for Causation, and the Identification Problem - David A. Freedman Measures of Association for Cross Classifications - Leo A. Goodman and William H. Kruskal Simple Models for the Analysis of Association in Cross-classifications Having Ordered Categories - Leo A. Goodman The Multivariate Analysis of Qualitative Data: Interactions among multiple classifications - Leo A. Goodman The Analysis of Cross-classified Data: Independence, quasi-independence, and interactions in contingency tables with or without missing entries - Leo A. Goodman The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects - Paul R. Rosenbaum and Donald B. Rubin Estimating Causal Effects of Treatments in Randomized and Nonrandomized Studies - Donald B. Rubin Constructing a Control Group Using Multivariate Matched Sampling Methods that Incorporate the Propensity Score - Paul R. Rosenbaum and Donald B. Rubin Reducing Bias in Observational Studies Using Subclassification on the Propensity Score - Paul R. Rosenbaum and Donald B. Rubin Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables - Joshua D. Angrist, Guido W. Imbens and Donald B. Rubin Bayesian Inference for Causal Effects: The role of randomization - Donald B. Rubin Estimating Causal Effects from Large Data Sets Using Propensity Scores - Donald B. Rubin Assignment of Treatment Group on the Basis of a Covariate - Donald B. Rubin From Association to Causation in Observational Studies: The role of tests of strongly ignorable treatment assignment - Paul R. Rosenbaum Notes on the Theory of Association of Attributes in Statistics - G. Udny Yule The Interpretation of Interaction in Contingency Tables - E.H. Simpson On Simpson′s Paradox and the Sure-thing Principle - Colin R. Blyth Confounding and Simpson′s Paradox - Steven A. Julious and Mark A. Mullee Comment on: ′Confounding and Simpson′s Paradox′ - C.R. Charig Ecological Correlations and the Behavior of Individuals - W.S. Robinson Social experiments: Some developments over the past fifteen years - T.D. Cook and W.R. Shadish The Moderator-mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations - Reuben M. Baron and David A. Kenny VOLUME 4 Causal Laws and Effective Strategies - Nancy Cartwright Causes and Conditions - J.L. Mackie Causation - David Lewis Causation - David Lewis Causation as Influence - David Lewis Small n′s and Big Conclusions: An examination of the reasoning in comparative studies based on a small number of cases - Stanley Lieberson Utilizing Causal Models to Discover Flaws in Experiments - Herbert L. Costner Statistical Models and Shoe Leather - David A. Freedman From Association to Causation Via Regression - David A. Freedman Nuisance Variables and the Ex Post Facto Design - Paul Meehl The Path Analysis Controversy: A new statistical approach to strong appraisal of verisimilitude - Paul E. Meehl and Nils G. Waller