Contents: Acknowledgements Introduction Albert N. Link and Cristiano Antonelli PART I OVERVIEW: MODELS OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION 1. Cristiano Antonelli (2009), ‘The Economics of Innovation: From the Classical Legacies to the Economics of Complexity’ 2. Benoît Godin (2006), ‘The Linear Model of Innovation: The Historical Construction of an Analytical Framework’ 3. Lee Fleming and Olav Sorenson (2004), ‘Science as a Map in Technological Search’ PART II THE EVOLVING ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE 4. Robin Cowan, Paul A. David and Dominique Foray (2000), ‘The Explicit Economics of Knowledge Codification and Tacitness’ 5. J.S. Metcalfe (2002), ‘Knowledge of Growth and the Growth of Knowledge’ 6. Cristiano Antonelli (2007), ‘The System Dynamics of Collective Knowledge: From Gradualism and Saltationism to Punctuated Change’ PART III MARKETS FOR TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION 7. Ashish Arora, Andrea Fosfuri and Alfonso Gambardella (2001), ‘Markets for Technology and their Implications for Corporate Strategy’ 8. Josh Lerner and Jean Tirole (2002), ‘Some Simple Economics of Open Source’ 9. Lionel Nesta and Pier Paola Saviotti (2005), ‘Coherence of the Knowledge Base and the Firm’s Innovative Performance: Evidence from the U.S. Pharmaceutical Industry’ 10. Lynne G. Zucker and Michael R. Darby (2001), ‘Capturing Technological Opportunity Via Japan’s Star Scientists: Evidence from Japanese Firms’ Biotech Patents and Products’ 11. Michelle Gittelman and Bruce Kogut (2003), ‘Does Good Science Lead to Valuable Knowledge? Biotechnology Firms and the Evolutionary Logic of Citation Patterns’ PART IV MARKETS FOR SCIENTISTS 12. James S. Dietz, Ivan Chompalov, Barry Bozeman, Eliesh O’Neil Lane and Jongwon Park (2000), ‘Using the Curriculum Vita to Study the Career Paths of Scientists and Engineers: An Exploratory Assessment’ 13. Paul M. Romer (2001), ‘Should the Government Subsidize Supply or Demand in the Market for Scientists and Engineers?’ 14. Monica Gaughan and Stephane Robin (2004), ‘National Science Training Policy and Early Scientific Careers in France and the United States’ 15. Benjamin F. Jones (2009), ‘The Burden of Knowledge and the “Death of the Renaissance Man”: Is Innovation Getting Harder?’ PART V R&D INVESTMENTS IN INNOVATION 16. Bruno Cassiman and Reinhilde Veugelers (2002), ‘R&D Cooperation and Spillovers: Some Empirical Evidence from Belgium’ 17. Gadi Barlevy (2007), ‘On the Cyclicality of Research and Development’ PART VI INNOVATION AND KNOWLEDGE NETWORKS 18. Bruce Kogut (2000), ‘The Network as Knowledge: Generative Rules and the Emergence of Structure’ 19. Cristiano Antonelli (2008), ‘Pecuniary Knowledge Externalities: The Convergence of Directed Technological Change and the Emergence of Innovation Systems’ PART VII INSTITUTIONS TO SUPPORT INNOVATION 20. Sean M. Hackett and David M. Dilts (2004), ‘A Real Options-Driven Theory of Business Incubation’ 21. Albert N. Link and John T. Scott (2007), ‘The Economics of University Research Parks’ 22. Christine A. Gulbranson and David B. Audretsch (2008), ‘Proof of Concept Centers: Accelerating the Commercialization of University Innovation’ PART VIII UNIVERSITY SUPPORT OF SCIENCE AND INNOVATION 23. Richard Jensen and Marie Thursby (2001), ‘Proofs and Prototypes for Sale: The Licensing of University Inventions’ 24. Stuart D. Allen, Albert N. Link and Dan T. Rosenbaum (2007), ‘Entrepreneurship and Human Capital: Evidence of Patenting Activity from the Academic Sector’ 25. Pierre Azoulay, Waverly Ding and Toby Stuart (2007), ‘The Determinants of Faculty Patenting Behavior: Demographics or Opportunities?’ 26. Paula E. Stephan, Shiferaw Gurmu, Albert J. Sumell and Grant Black (2007), ‘Who’s Patenting in the University? Evidence from the Survey of Doctoral Recipients’ 27. Saul Lach and Mark Schankerman (2008), ‘Incentives and Invention in Universities’ PART IX PUBLIC SUPPORT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INNOVATION 28. Albert N. Link and John T. Scott (2001), ‘Public / Private Partnerships: Stimulating Competition in a Dynamic Market’ 29. Lee Fleming and Olav Sorenson (2001), ‘Technology as a Complex Adaptive System: Evidence from Patent Data’ 30. Wesley M. Cohen, Richard R. Nelson and John P. Walsh (2002), ‘Links and Impacts: The Influence of Public Research on Industrial R&D’ 31. Albert N. Link and John T. Scott (2009), ‘Private Investor Participation and Commercialization Rates for Government-sponsored Research and Development: Would a Prediction Market Improve the Performance of the SBIR Programme?’ PART X PUBLIC POLICIES TOWARD SCIENCE AND INNOVATION 32. Adam B. Jaffe and Josh Lerner (2001), ‘Reinventing Public R&D: Patent Policy and the Commercialization of National Laboratory Technologies’ 33. Pierre Mohnen and Lars-Hendrik Röller (2005), ‘Complementarities in Innovation Policy’ 34. Adam B. Jaffe, Richard G. Newell and Robert N. Stavins (2005), ‘A Tale of Two Market Failures: Technology and Environmental Policy’