Introduction Part I:Development as a Socio-cultural Process 1.Culture in Development Michael Cole 2.The Development of Affect in Infancy and Early Childhood Charles M. Super and Sara Harkness 3.A Cultural Perspective on the Transition from Prelinguistic to Linguistic Communication Bambi B. Schieffelin and Elinor Ochs 4.Shared Care for Children Elly Singer Part II:Making Sense of Relationships 5.The Child's Need to Learn a Culture Colwyn Trevarthen 6.Young Children's Understanding of Other People: Evidence from observations within the family Judy Dunn 7.Development of Intersubjectivity in Social Pretend Play Artin Goncu 8.Cultural Knowledge and Social Competence Within a Preschool Peer-culture Group Rebecca Kantor, Peggy M. Elgas and David E. Fernie Part III:Relationships and Learning 9.Aspects of Teaching and Learning David Wood 10.Adult-child Interaction, Joint Problem Solving and the Structure of Cooperation Mariette Hogsteder, Robert Maier and Ed Elbers 11.Collaborations Among Toddler Peers: Individual contributions to social contexts Celia A. Brownell and Michael Sean Carriger 12.Teachers and Other Adults as Talk Partners for Pupils in Nursery and Reception Classes Maureen Hughes and David Westgate Part IV:Cultural Perspectives and Practices 13.Toddlers' Guided Participation With Their Caregivers in Cultural Activity Barbara Rogoff, Christine Mosier, Jayanthi Mistry and Artin Goncu 14.Socialization of Nso Children in the Bamenda Grassfields of Northwest Cameroon A. Bame Nsamenang and Michael E. Lamb 15.Komatsudani: A Japanese preschool Joseph J. Tobin, David Y.H. Wu and Dana H. Davidson