This two-volume set LNCS 12861 and LNCS 12862 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, IWANN 2021, held virtually, in June 2021.The 85 full papers presented in this two-volume set were carefully reviewed and selected from 134 submissions.

Information fusion in Deep Learning for Biomedicine.- Intelligent Computing Solutions for SARS-CoV-2 Covid-19 (INClutions COVID-19).- Advanced Topics in Computational Intelligence.- Biosignals Processing.- Deep Learning.- Meta-Learning and Other Automatic Learning Approaches in Intelligent Systems.- Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine.- Convolutional Neural Networks: Beyond Traditional Solutions.- Bio-inspired Systems and Neuro-Engineering.- Agent-Based Models for Policy Design Towards a More Sustainable World.- Randomization in Deep Learning.- Neural Networks for Time Series Forecasting.- Applications in Artificial Intelligence.