Nucleic acids are the fundamental building blocks of DNA and RNA and are found in virtually every living cell. Molecular biology is a branch of science that studies the physicochemical properties of molecules in a cell, including nucleic acids, proteins, and enzymes. Increased understanding of nucleic acids and their role in molecular biology will further many of the biological sciences including genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology is intended to bring to light the most recent advances in these overlapping disciplines with a timely compilation of reviews comprising each volume. *Follow the new editor-in-chief, P. Michael Conn, as he introduces this second thematic volume in the series – an in-depth aid to researchers who are looking for the best techniques and tools for understanding the complexities of protein folding *Understand the advantages of protein folding over other therapeutic approaches and see how protein folding plays a critical role in the development of diseases such as Alzheimer’s and diabetes *Decipher the rules of protein folding through compelling and timely reviews combined with chapters written by international authors in engineering, biochemistry, physics and computer science