This book presents original research findings of The Million Person Study of Low-Dose Radiation Health Effects (MPS), the largest and most comprehensive epidemiologic study of its kind to investigate the health effects of low-level chronic radiation exposure on American workers and veterans throughout the 20th century.

1. Introduction to the U.S. Million Person Study of health effects from low-level exposure to radiation 2. Radiation in the workplace – an opportunity for substantial epidemiological evidence 3. The Million Person Study, whence it came and why 4. The Million Person Study relevance to space exploration and Mars 5. Historical perspective on the Department of Energy mortality studies: focus on the collection and storage of individual worker data 6. 50 Years of the Radiation Exposure Information and Reporting System and importance to the Million Person Study 7. Evaluation of statistical modeling approaches for epidemiologic studies of low-dose radiation health effects 8. Obtaining vital status and cause of death on a million persons 9. Validating the use of census data on education as a measure of socioeconomic status 10. Cohort profile - MSKCC radiation workers: a pilot sub-cohort of a multicenter medical radiation worker component of the Million Person Study of low-dose radiation health effects 11. Dosimetry and uncertainty approaches for the million-worker study of radiation workers and veterans: overview of the recommendations in NCRP Report No. 178 12. Dosimetry associated with veterans who participated in nuclear weapons testing 13. Dosimetry for the study of medical radiation workers with a focus on the mean absorbed dose to the lung, brain and other organs 14. MPS dose reconstruction for internal emitters: some site-specific issues and approaches 15. Potential improvements in brain dose estimates for internal emitters 16. Mortality from leukemia, cancer and heart disease among U.S. nuclear power plant workers, 1957-2011 17. Mortality among U.S. military participants at eight aboveground nuclear weapons test series 18. Updated mortality analysis of the Mallinckrodt uranium processing workers, 1942-2012 19. Mortality among workers at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1943-2017 20. Mortality among Tennessee Eastman Corporation (TEC) uranium processing workers 21. Mortality among medical radiation workers in the United States, 1965-2016. 22. Radium dial workers: back to the future 23. Sex-specific lung cancer risk among radiation workers in the Million Person Study and among TB-fluoroscopy patients 24. Asbestos exposure and mesothelioma mortality among atomic veterans 25. Mesothelioma mortality within two radiation monitored occupational cohorts 26. A million persons, a million dreams: a vision for a National Center for Radiation Epidemiology and Biology