Disasters tend to cross political, jurisdictional, functional, and geographic boundaries. As a result, disasters often require responses from multiple levels of government and multiple organizations in the public and private sectors. This means that public and private organizations that normally operate independently must work together to mount an effective disaster response. To identify and understand approaches to aligning health care system incentives with the American public's need for a health care system that is prepared to manage acutely ill and injured patients during a disaster, public health emergency, or other mass casualty event, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a 2-day public workshop on March 20 and 21, 2018. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction and Overview2 Perspectives on the Nation's Capacity to Respond to Threats to Health, Safety, and Security3 Learning from Experience4 ASPR's New Vision for a Regional Health Response System5 Looking to the Future6 Exploring Opportunities to Improve Private-Sector Investment in Capacity Building7 Final ThoughtsReferencesAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Statement of TaskAppendix C: Speaker Biographies