This book highlights remarkable new endoscopic, laparoscopic, and thoracoscopic approaches to the removal of surgical lesions for different pathologic conditions under general endotracheal anesthesia in infants and children.

Chapter 1. Vascular Access in Children. (a) Peripheral venous access (b) Central Venous Access .- Chapter 2. Anesthesia in Neonates - Airway and Physiology.- Chapter 3. Peri-operative Care of Infants with Congenital Heart disease (CHD) scheduled for non-cardiac surgery.- Chapter 4. Anesthetic Considerations in children with Pulmonary Hypertension.- Chapter 5. Non-Operating Room Anesthesia for minor surgical procedures.- Chapter 6. Surgical Site Infections (SSI) -Prophylaxis and management.- Chapter 7. Minimally Invasive Vs. Open Surgical Approaches.- Chapter 8. Anesthesia for infants with Pyloric Stenosis.- Chapter 9. Anesthetic Concerns in Open vs Closed repair TEF in neonates.- Chapter 10. Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia-NICU management.- Chapter 11. Minimally Invasive Pectus Repair (NUSS)– Pain management strategies.- Chapter 12. Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM) – A Novel technique   for children with Achalasia.- Chapter 13. Median Arcuate Ligament Ligament Release (MALS) in patients with POTS (Persistent Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome)-.- Chapter 14. Abdominal Wall Defects - Gastroschisis/ Omphalocele Repair in Newborns - Anesthetic and  Surgical dilemmas .- Chapter 15. Anesthetic management of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) and Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS).  Perioperative and anesthetic challenges.- Chapter 16. Wilm’s tumor, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglionomas in children – Perioperative preparation, and anesthetic and surgical approach.- Chapter 17. Regional anesthesia in children the acute surgical setting.- Chapter 18. Thyroid Goiters in children- Peri-op Optimization/ Intra-op monitoring.- Chapter 19. Current Anesthetic Management for Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents with Obesity.- Chapter 20. Pediatric Pain management in the Acute surgical setting - Assessment and treatment modalities.- Chapter 21. Neurotoxic effects of anesthetics on the developing brain.

 This book highlights remarkable new endoscopic, laparoscopic, and thoracoscopic approaches to the removal of surgical lesions for different pathologic conditions under general endotracheal anesthesia in infants and children. It details how newer techniques in airway management, monitoring, regional nerve blocks for these innovative minimally invasive approaches have resulted in a decrease in intraoperative and postoperative morbidity and early recovery process after pediatric anesthesia. This unique book contains features that provide the audience with several clinical scenarios where exceptional surgical outcomes are achieved with optimum pre-op preparation via collaborative team efforts. To date there is no other textbook emphasizing the anesthetic and surgical management during the most innovative advances in endoscopic surgery in children. Per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for the definitive treatment of achalasia in children is probably the most advanced endoscopic surgery done successfully in children. POEM is the best example of endoscopic surgery performed via natural orifices known as the Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES). Another new laparoscopic surgical intervention -Median Arcuate Ligament surgical release for Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome (MALS) for patients with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is described with established perioperative protocols emphasizing the need for early admission, intravenous hydration, and premedication.  Novel approaches in the anesthetic management in children with short bowel syndrome for bowel lengthening techniques like the serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP) and in teenagers for laparoscopic bariatric surgery with adjustable gastric banding (AGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) for morbid obesity are new areas that would enlighten the readers.  Anesthetic Management in Pediatric General Surgery is an invaluable resource for pediatric anesthesiologists, surgeons, and their trainees specializing in the care of pediatric patients.      

Functions as a guide to pediatric anesthetic delivery during general surgery with emphasis on safety and best outcomes Discusses potential nuanced techniques and potential complications Features authors who are renowned internationally for their expertise in specific field