To address approaches to the respirator approval process in the current landscape for both occupational and non-occupational use of respirators, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Standing Committee on Personal Protective Equipment for Workplace Safety and Health convened a virtual workshop, Current Issues in the Assessment of Respiratory Protective Devices: Nontraditional Workers and Public Use on August 4-5, 2020. Additionally, the workshop considered gaps in respiratory protection for outdoor workers and the general public. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction2 Lessons Learned from 100 Years of Respiratory Protection3 Respiratory Risks and User Requirements for Nontraditional Workers4 Respiratory Risks and User Requirements for the Public5 Assessment Pathways for Respiratory Protective Devices for Occupational Use by Nontraditional Workers6 Assessment Pathways for Respiratory Protective Devices for the Public7 Addressing Research and Communication GapsReferencesAppendix A: Statement of TaskAppendix B: Workshop AgendaAppendix C: Biographical Sketches of Workshop Speakers, Moderators, and Staff