Biographical note

Emily Crawford is a Professor at the University of Sydney Law School, where she teaches and researches in international law, international humanitarian law and international criminal law. She has published widely in the field of international humanitarian law, including three monographs: The Treatment of Combatants and Insurgents under the Law of Armed Conflict (2010), Identifying the Enemy: Civilian Participation in Hostilities (2015), and Non-Binding Norms in International Humanitarian Law (2021). She is co-editor of the textbook Public International Law (with Alison Pert and Ben Saul, Cambridge, 2023). She is also a co-editor of the Journal of International Humanitarian Studies. In 2023 Emily was awarded the prestigious Max Planck-Cambridge Prize for International Law in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the study of international law. Alison Pert is Adjunct Associate Professor at the University of Sydney, where she lectures in international law, specialising in the use of force and international humanitarian law. She has practised as a lawyer in government and the private sector in London, Papua New Guinea and Australia, and has represented Australia at international organisations including Unidroit and UNCITRAL, and in treaty negotiations. She has also authored a monograph, Australia as a Good International Citizen (2014), and co-edited the textbook Public International Law (with Emily Crawford and Ben Saul, Cambridge, 2023).