Introduction: Executive–Legislative (Im)balance in the European UnionDiane Fromage, Maastricht University, The Netherlands, and Anna Herranz-Surralles Maastricht University, The Netherlands PART IEXECUTIVE–LEGISLATIVE RELATIONS FROM A MULTI-LEVEL PERSPECTIVE1. Recalibration of Executive–Legislative Relations in the European Union: Strategies Inspired by the Trilemma of Democracy, Sovereignty and Integration Peter Bursens, University of Antwerp, Belgium2. The Anticipation Function of Interinstitutional Agreements: A Smooth Mechanism to Recalibrate Executive–Legislative Relations Marco Urban, University of Lausanne, Switzerland3. Divided Accountability of the Council and the European Council: The Challenge of Collective Parliamentary Oversight Elena Griglio, LUISS Guido Carli University, Italy4. Executive–Legislative Relations and Delegated Powers in the European Union: Continuous Recalibration? Thomas Christiansen, LUISS Guido Carli University, Italy, and Sabina Lange, University of Ljubljana, SloveniaPART IIEXECUTIVE–LEGISLATIVE (IM)BALANCE WITHIN MEMBER STATES5. The Implementation of EU Law in Member States and its Impact on the Relationship between Parliaments and Governments Diane Fromage, Maastricht University, The Netherlands6. National Strategies of EU Law Transposition: Does the Distinction between Legislative and Executive Measures Matter in Practice? Robert Zbiral, Masaryk University, Czech Republic, and Jan Grinc, Charles University, Czech Republic7. Failed Constitutional Reforms and Silent Constitutional Transformations in Executive–Legislative Relations: The Case of Italy Nicola Lupo, LUISS Guido Carli University, Italy8. Short-Lived Reparliamentarisation? A Year of Eff orts to ‘Take Back Control’ from the Executive in the Brexit House of Commons Kathryn Wright, University of York, UKPART IIIEXECUTIVE–LEGISLATIVE (IM)BALANCE AND VARIATIONS ACROSS POLICY AREAS9. How the Debates on Trade Policy Helped Rebalance the Executive–Legislative Relationship in Favour of the European Parliament Peter Marton, New Zealand Mission to the EU in Brussels, Belgium10. A Temporary Recalibration of Executive–Legislative Relations on EU Trade Agreements? The Case of National and Regional Parliaments on CETA and TTIP Cristina Fasone, LUISS Guido Carli University, Italy, and Maria Romaniello, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy11. Exploring Interaction between National Parliaments and the European Parliament in EU Trade Policy Katharina L Meissner, University of Vienna, Austria, and Guri Rosen, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway12. The European Parliament’s Role in the Operation of Trade Agreements: Parliamentary Control and Executive – Legislative Balance in External Action Wolfgang Weiß, German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer, Germany13. Representative Democracy in Financial Crisis Governance: New Challenges in the EU Multi-level System Claudia Wiesner, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Germany14. Towards the ‘ Normalisation ’ of Security? Executive– Legislative Relations in an Expanding EU Security and Defence Policy Anna Herranz-Surralles, Maastricht University, The Netherlands15. The Balance of Powers and the EU’s Common Foreign and Security Policy Graham Butler, Aarhus University, Denmark16. All Buzz, No Bite: The Parliamentarisation of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice Angela Tacea, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium17. Epilogue: Executives, Legislatures and the Semantics of EU Public Law: A Pandemic-Inflected Perspective Peter L Lindseth, University of Connecticut, USA

Insights into rules and conventions shaping parliaments and parliamentary democracy in Europe.Parliamentary democracy is at the core of all modern European constitutions. In representing the people, national parliaments are traditionally viewed as the primary centres for democratic deliberation and decision-making. Yet with the rise of international and supranational organisations, this national democratic frame is increasingly challenged. What, then, is the role and task of national parliaments today? And how has European integration affected them? The European Union itself is founded on the idea of ‘representative democracy’. Citizens are directly represented in the European Parliament, but Union democracy is equally based on indirect forms of representation; and because of this, Union democracy indirectly relies on the good functioning of national democratic institutions. What, then, is the role and relationship between the European and the national parliaments in the democratic functioning of the Union? Do they exercise distinct or complementary functions? This new series aims to address these questions. Encompassing monographs and edited collections, it offers insights into rules and conventions shaping parliaments and parliamentary democracy in Europe.