Contents Foreword xix Children’s rights law: achievements and challenges 1 Children’s rights law: achievements and challenges 48 1 Scope of application 53 2 Non-discrimination 58 3 Best interests of the child 67 4 General obligation 85 5 Appropriate direction and guidance consistent with the child’s evolving capacities 91 6 The right to life, survival and development 100 7 Name and nationality 113 8 Preservation of identity 121 9 Separation from parents 125 10 Famıly reunıfıcatıon 137 11 Illicit transfer and non-return of children 148 12 The views of the child 158 13 Freedom of expression 176 14 Freedom of thought, conscience and religion 185 15 Freedom of association and peaceful assembly 193 16 The right to privacy 205 17 Access to appropriate information through media 216 18 Common responsibilities of parents for the upbringing and development of the child 226 19 Protection from all forms of violence 20 Children deprived of their family environment 246 21 Adoption 254 22 Asylum seeking and refugee children 263 23 Children with disabilities 279 24 Right to health 287 25 Periodic review of placement 310 26 Social security 312 27 Standard of living adequate for the child’s development 317 28 Right to education 324 29 Aims of education 337 30 Article 30: Rıghts of chıldren from mınorıtıes and indıgenous orıgın 341 31 Rest, leisure and play 351 32 Protectıon from economıc exploıtatıon 360 33 Protectıon from drugs 368 34 Protectıon from sexual exploıtatıon and abuse 376 35 Prevention of abduction, sale and trafficking 386 36 Protectıon agaınst all other forms of exploıtatıon 395 37 Deprivation of liberty, prohibition of torture, degrading and inhuman treatment and of capital punishment and life imprisonment 399 38 Chıldren in armed conflıct 416 39 Recovery and reıntegratıon of chıld vıctıms 424 40 Children’s rights in justice systems 433 41 Respect for higher standards 450 42 Dissemination 452 43 Article 43: The Committee on the Rights of the Child 457 44 Reporting procedure 461 45 Implementation and international cooperation 465 46–54 Final clauses: signature, ratification, accession, entry into force, amendments, reservations, denunciations 469 OPTIONAL PROTOCOL ON THE INVOLVEMENT OF CHILDREN IN ARMED CONFLICT 475 OPTIONAL PROTOCOL ON THE SALE OF CHILDREN, CHILD PROSTITUTION AND CHILD PORNOGRAPHY 487 OPTIONAL PROTOCOL ON A COMMUNICATIONS PROCEDURE 505

‘This second edition brings new insights to the normative developments relating to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It vividly illustrates that the Convention is a living document - and that its jurisprudence is being reshaped to deal with the many new issues facing children's rights today - from environmental impacts to access to justice. It is so useful to have the protocols included. Looking forward to using this volume as a go-to reference in my daily work.’