Biographical note

Brendan Apfeld is a Lead Data Scientist for CVS Health. He holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Texas at Austin. His research on comparative politics and the politics of education has appeared in journals such as The Journal of Politics and Political Science & Research Methodology. Emanuel Coman is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at Trinity College Dublin, where he teaches and researches party politics, elections, and local politics. His work has been featured in journals such as Comparative Political Studies, Journal of Politics, European Journal of Political Research, West European Politics and Electoral Studies. John Gerring is Professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin. His teaching and research centers on methodology and comparative politics. He is co-editor of the Cambridge University Press series Strategies for Social Inquiry, and serves as co-Principal Investigator of Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) and the Global Leadership Project (GLP). Stephen Jessee is Professor of Government at the University of Texas at Austin. His research studies political ideology and other latent traits as well as voting behavior, legislative politics, and the Supreme Court. He is the author of Ideology and Spatial Voting in American Elections (2012).