List of Illustrations PrefaceJohn Van Engen 1. Introduction: Religion and Religious Worlds in BetweenJennifer Kolpacoff Deane, University of Minnesota Morris, and Anne E. Lester, Johns Hopkins University 2. Herbert Grundmann: Confession and the “Religious Movements” Letha Böhringer, Universität zu Köln 3. Francis of Assisi, the Vita Apostolica, and the Roman Church: Rethinking the ParadigmsAmanda Power, University of Oxford 4. Hypocrites! Critiques of Religious Movements and Criticism of the Church, 1050–1300Sita Steckel, University of Münster 5. Crusading as a Religious Movement: Families, Community, and Lordship in a Vernacular FrameAnne E. Lester, Johns Hopkins University 6. Coming Together as an Apostolic Act: Confraternalism as an Umbrella for Medieval Religious MovementsNeslihan Şenocak, Columbia University 7. Reassessing the Links between “The Women’s Religious Movement” and “The Origins of a Religious Literature in the Vernacular” in FranceSean L. Field, University of Vermont 8. “More Useful in the Salvation of Others”: Beguines, Religio, and the Cura Mulierum at the Early SorbonneTanya Stabler Miller, Loyola University, Chicago 9. Between Charity and Controversy: The Grey Sisters, Liminality, and the Religious LifeAlison More, College of New Rochelle 10. Women, Power, and Religious Dissent: Why Women Never became HeresiarchsJanine Larmon Peterson, Maurist University 11. Navigating Saintly Circles: Margherita Colonna and the Women’s Religious Movement in RomeLezlie Knox, Marquette University 12. The “Clever Girls” of Prague: Beguines, Preachers, and Late Medieval Bohemian ReligionJana Grollová BibliographyIndex