RAF, NSU and IS are acronyms of terrorist groups whose extremist propaganda and political violence challenge the visual arts to react decisively. The exhibition catalogue therefore opens up a highly topical artistic perspective on the history and political iconography of modern terrorism. For the first time, three sections comparatively examine the effects of social revolutionary, far-right, and jihadist terrorism on visual culture. 20 years after September 11, 2001, and ten years after the discovery of the NSU in the fall of 2011, the exhibition and publication together explore the question of how acts of political violence affect cultural memory through the media. Artists: Hiba Al Ansari (SY), Khalid Albaih (SD), Morehshin Allahyari (IR), Francis Alÿs (BE), Kader Attia (FR), Walter Dahn & Jiří Dokoupil (DE/CZ), Christoph Draeger (CH), Hans-Peter Feldmann (DE), Forensic Architecture (GB/IL), Chloé Galibert-Lâiné & Kevin B. Lee (FR/US), Gregory Green (USA), Johan Grimonprez (BE), Richard Hamilton (GB), Omar Imam (SY), Christof Kohlhöfer (D/US), Susanne Kriemann (D), Jean-Jacques Lebel (FR), Almut Linde (DE), Georg Lutz (DE), Édouard Manet (FR), Paula Markert (DE), Olaf Metzel (DE), Henrike Naumann (DE), Wolf Pehlke (DE), Ariel Reichman (IL), Gerhard Richter (DE), Thomas Ruff (DE), Ivana Spinelli (IT), Klaus Staeck (DE), Hito Steyerl (DE), J.M. Voltz (DE) Text in English and German.