<p>“Tanya Sheehan’s <i>Doctored</i> is cultural history at its best, combining a magisterial examination of nineteenth-century photographic literature with a persuasive and nuanced argument about metaphor and photography’s discursive claims to professional expertise. A must-read for scholars of photography, art history, American studies, nineteenth-century cultural history, and urban studies.”</p><p>—Elspeth H. Brown, University of Toronto</p>

<p>“Sheehan's <i>Doctored </i>adds an important confluence of science and art to published histories of photography. . . . With elegant endpapers and a unique but readable typeface, <i>Doctored</i> is a nicely constructed book. . . . The interdisciplinary nature of [Sheehan's] project makes it suitable not only for photo historians, but also for those interested in medical and scientific history, critical race studies, and cultural studies.”</p><p>—Emily Una Weirich <i>Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS/NA) Reviews</i></p>

<p>“[<i>Doctored</i>] contributes as much to the history of ideas, or of language, as it does to the history of images.”</p><p>—Jennifer Green-Lewis <i>American Historical Review</i></p>

<p>“Sheehan’s examination of medical photography in light of the larger dynamics of nineteenth-century photographic portraiture offers a way to integrate the history of medical photography with the history of Civil War photography.”</p><p>—Andrea Volpe <i>The Journal of the Civil War Era</i></p>

<p>“In this highly original book, Tanya Sheehan showcases a vast, alternative narrative in which cameras were seen as scalpels, developing chemicals as therapeutic drugs, and photographers as ‘doctors of photography’ processing the ability to inspect, diagnose, and rehabilitate diseased and disordered bodies.</p><p><i>Doctored</i> is a finely detailed examination of the social and historical factors surrounding photography’s use of medicine, grounded in latter nineteenth-century Philadelphia’s vibrant cultural brew.</p><p>Sheehan has given us an inventive book that illuminates our understanding of the body, both social and physical, and its role in the nascent years of photography.”</p><p>—Catherine Hollochwost <i>CAA Reviews</i></p>

<p>“In seeking to articulate and define their collective professional identity, nineteenth-century studio portrait photographers turned to medicine for inspiration, model, and metaphor. Tanya Sheehan masterfully and imaginatively presents this hitherto-unexplored avenue of defining photographic authority. . . . <i>Doctored</i> is decidedly a most welcome and handsome addition to the literature on the history of photography.”</p><p>—James M. Edmonson <i>Winterthur Portfolio</i></p>

<p>“Sheehan’s book offers a breadth of perspectives on a very particular historical moment and theme that connects to the visual culture and social context of the time and enriches understandings of the historical emergence of photographic culture and its motivations.”</p><p>—Hannah Drayson <i>Leonardo Reviews</i></p>

<p>“<i>Doctored</i>, by Tanya Sheehan, draws fascinating connections between the early days of studio photography and established medical practices of the day. . . . [Sheehan] spends a great deal of time discussing the cultural history of Victorian Philadelphia, explaining not just the similarities between medicine and photography but also the general public view of photography and its impact on race relations as well as a person’s place in society. This book is just as much a historical account of Victorian American society as it is a history of the portrait photography industry.”</p><p>—Annie Moore <i>ICON: Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology</i></p>

<p>“Tanya Sheehan . . . provides a unique, innovative comparative study of the development of the relationship between portrait and medical photography in Philadelphia during the nineteenth century. . . . Sheehan effectively demonstrates how the past has strongly influenced the present, richly contextualizing the ‘doctoring’ of photographs.”</p><p>—Elizabeth K. Mix <i>Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide</i></p>

<p>“<i>Doctored </i>is a refreshing look at the history of photography, and Sheehan effortlessly yet cautiously uses theory to support her arguments.”</p><p>—Kristi Johnson <i>Journal of American Culture</i></p>