This companion is the first book of its kind to focus on the whole of European Romanticism. * Describes the way in which the Romantic Movement swept across Europe in the early nineteenth century. * Covers the national literatures of France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia and Spain.

Notes on Contributors viii Introduction 1Michael Ferber 1 On Pre-Romanticism or Sensibility: Defining Ambivalences 10Inger S. B. Brodey 2 Shakespeare and European Romanticism 29Heike Grundmann 3 Scottish Romanticism and Scotland in Romanticism 49Fiona Stafford 4 Byron’s Influence on European Romanticism 67Peter Cochran 5 The Infinite Imagination: Early Romanticism in Germany 86Susan Bernofsky 6 From Autonomous Subjects to Self-regulating Structures: Rationality and Development in German Idealism 101Thomas Pfau 7 German Romantic Fiction 123Roger Paulin 8 The Romantic Fairy Tale 138Kari Lokke 9 German Romantic Drama 157Frederick Burwick 10 Early French Romanticism 172Fabienne Moore 11 The Poetry of Loss: Lamartine, Musset, and Nerval 192Jonathan Strauss 12 Victor Hugo’s Poetry 208E. H. and A. M. Blackmore 13 French Romantic Drama 224Barbara T. Cooper 14 Romantic Poetics in an Italian Context 238Piero Garofalo 15 Ugo Foscolo and Giacomo Leopardi: Italy’s Classical Romantics 256Margaret Brose 16 Spanish Romanticism 276Derek Flitter 17 Pushkin and Romanticism 293Michael Basker 18 Lermontov: Romanticism on the Brink of Realism 309Robert Reid 19 Adam Mickiewicz and the Shape of Polish Romanticism 326Roman Koropeckyj 20 The Revival of the Ode 345John Hamilton 21 ‘‘Unfinish’d Sentences’’: The Romantic Fragment 360Elizabeth Wanning Harries 22 Romantic Irony 376Jocelyne Kolb 23 Sacrality and the Aesthetic in the Early Nineteenth Century 393Virgil Nemoianu 24 Nature 413James C. McKusick 25 Romanticism and Capitalism 433Robert Sayre and Michael Löwy 26 Napoleon and European Romanticism 450Simon Bainbridge 27 Orientalism 467Diego Saglia 28 A Continent of Corinnes: The Romantic Poetess and the Diffusion of Liberal Culture in Europe, 1815-50 486Patrick Vincent 29 Lighting Up Night 505Lilian R. Furst 30 Romantic Opera 522Benjamin Walton 31 At Home with German Romantic Song 538James Parsons 32 The Romantic System of the Arts 552Michael Ferber Index 571

This companion describes the way in which the Romantic Movement swept across Europe in the early nineteenth century, transforming literature, music, painting, religion, philosophy, politics and personal relationships. It is the first book of its kind to focus on the whole of European Romanticism, moving between the national literatures of Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Russia and Spain on the one hand, and common themes, subjects, forms, and sources on the other. Subjects addressed range from orientalism, capitalism, and nature, to the revival of the lyric and the influence of the French Revolution. The volume also includes cross-disciplinary contributions on literature and music, literature and painting, and the general system of Romantic arts. There are over 30 essays in all, written by leading Romanticism scholars from America, Australia, Britain, France, Italy, and Switzerland.

" The Companion will prove to be a valuable addition to a reference library and is likely to be frequently consulted." Reference Reviews “To be applauded … Wholly readable and historically well-informed.” British Assocation For Romantic Studies Bulletin Review