This edition includes the complete four volumes of Capital, by Karl Marx: -Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital -Volume II: The Process of Circulation of Capital -Volume III: The Process of Capitalist Production as a Whole -Volume IV: Theories of Surplus-Value Das Kapital, also known as "Capital: A Critique of Political Economy" or sometimes simply "Capital" (German: Das Kapital. Kritik der politischen Ökonomie, 1867–1883), is a foundational theoretical text in materialist philosophy, critique of political economy and politics by Karl Marx. Marx aimed to reveal the economic patterns underpinning the capitalist mode of production in contrast to classical political economists such as Adam Smith, Jean-Baptiste Say, David Ricardo and John Stuart Mill. While Marx did not live to publish the planned second and third parts, they were both completed from his notes and published after his death by his colleague Friedrich Engels. Das Kapital is the most cited book published before 1950 in the social sciences.