Anaerobes of Clinical Significance is a clinically relevant textbook, containing organism-based discussions that provide comprehensive information on anaerobic infections and their laboratory diagnostics. It is a succinct text comprising key concepts in laboratory diagnostic approaches with recent advancements and illustrations. The book includes updated nomenclature in anaerobic bacteriology, with pointers for suspicion of anaerobic infections, and concepts pertaining to anaerobic diagnostics are depicted with in-house images/photographs for better comprehension. Special emphasis is placed on infection control measures in Clostridioides difficile infections and fecal microbiota transplantation. The content of this textbook is designed for medical graduates, research scholars, microbiologists, clinicians, and aspiring microbiologists working in the field of anaerobic bacteriology. This book fills the existing gap regarding the lack of extensive information, data, and way of handling anaerobic pathogens. This book will contain very recent updates to provide readers with up-to-date information, fostering a better understanding of a diverse range of methods for performing anaerobic antimicrobial susceptibility testing in the current global scenario.